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The third most abundant component in human milk are prebiotic substances that serve as food for the infant’s gut microbiota. It is astounding to consider that highly nutritious human milk, designed through thousands of years of evolution to nourish a newborn infant, contains large quantities of a substance that, for…

The presence of a diverse array of bacteria in the gut microbiome contributes to protection against pathogen infection.  Among the mechanisms of protection, the presence of gut bacteria with diverse metabolic requirements makes it difficult for pathogens to find sufficient food thereby reducing the incidence of disease.  Protection from infection…

Yes, as biomolecules produced by bacteria in the woman’s gut are encapsulated in extracellular vesicles (EVs) that accumulate in the amniotic fluid surrounding the fetus. The EVs are ingested by the fetus. Specifically, bacteria in the mother’s large intestine or colon produce EVs. These EVs carry biomolecules, such as protein…

The conventional answer is that each human has somewhere between 20,000 and 25,000 genes, but is this accurate? Absolutely not! A whole human may contain more than 2,000,000 different genes.

Richard Peet, J.D., Ph.D. Join Dr. Sandra Cammarata and Dr. Giovanni Campanile as they interview Richard Peet, J.D., Ph.D., who has more than 30 years experience in cross-functional scientific, legal and business leadership roles.

If the results of recent research in mice are applicable to humans, it may well be possible to add certain types of bacteria to our gut microbiome to increase our motivation to exercise.